Fresco commissioned for the main staircase of Porto’s City Hall. Part of a set of four panels depicting figures associated with the history of the city in connection with periods or episodes of relevance in the national(ist) historical imaginary. One of the four panels, severely damaged, was in the process of being restored at the time of digitisation and is not included in this corpus. This panel is dominated by Afonso I (c. 1106-1185) proclaimed first king of Portugal (as identified in the phylactery inscription “ALFONSUS PORTUGALENSIUM REX”) and celebrated for his victories against Moorish armies in the northern region of the country. The top section connects this foundational episode in the history of Portugal with the Roman and Early Medieval origins of the city of Porto (identified respectively with the inscriptions “PORTUCALE CASTRUM ANTIQUUM”, and “PORTUCALE CASTRUM NOVUM”) from which stems the name of the country.